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The SSF training centre is in Chakrata, 100 km outside Dehradun. Some would even say it is part of deliberate signalling by India to China. ", "Latest India-China border clash turns spotlight on Tibetan refugees in Special Frontier Force", "Centre says it's ready to restore service pension of special force veterans", "India used US spy planes to map Chinese incursion in Sino-Indian war", "Nehru permitted CIA spy planes to use Indian air base", "Book Extract: Spies in the Himalayas By M.S. SFF was later incorporated into the Special Services Bureau. Marine Reacts to the Special Frontier Force (SFF). During the same period, the Indian government also formed the Ladakh Scouts and the Nubra Guards paramilitary forces on similar lines. Starting in late October and November 1971, elements of the force were sent to Mizoram. Knaus wrote in his book that in November 1971, India ordered “approximately 3,000 men of the Special Frontier Force into action in the Chittagong Hill Tracts to aid the East Pakistani insurgents fighting for the independence of what was to become Bangladesh”. It needed seven men to lift — even six wouldn’t do. This gave all concerned quite a scare and it was decided to rely on other technical means. [14] After the 1980s, the practice of giving Indian Army commissions to Tibetans was discontinued. So SFF mountaineers went off on one more mission in December 1969 to successfully place a gas-powered device on an undisclosed mountain, supposedly in Chinese-controlled areas. [18] Tibetans currently serve as soldiers and non-commissioned officers and were in the past given officer commissions. A Tibetan major or captain commanded each company, which was the primary unit used in operations. Home / in focus / Watch: Why Special Frontier Force deployment at LAC rattled China Watch: Why Special Frontier Force deployment at LAC rattled China Sep 08, 2020 18:46 IST By one estimate, over 3,000 SFF personnel were used in the eastern theatre of the 1971 war. ", Bollywood Sargam – Special: Tibetan faujis in Bluestar, "Explained: What is the Special Frontier Force, referred to as Vikas Battalion? He wrote that India could commission the SFF troops because it was “was purely their creature” and “the US had no voice in the command of the SFF or how its troops were used… The Tibetan leadership at Dharamsala also had a passive role”. Heavy weapons were not provided. [17] The flow of Tibetans joining SFF has slowed due to the declining population of Tibetans, leading to a more ethnically mixed unit. The Tibetan recruits found that smuggling was a much easier way of making money than risking their lives along the border.[3]. The SFF was raised by the Intelligence Bureau in the immediate aftermath of the 1962 China-India war. Stay alive until the very end to clear the battlefield area by Frontline snipers. [2] Throughout its history, SFF has fought in India's major external wars including the Bangladesh Liberation War and the Kargil War. [32] The SFF Task Force was able to block a potential escape route for East Pakistani forces into Burma. Both the RAW and the CIA helped in raising the force. At least five other Indian Army officers are in a battalion. There are several overt and covert operations in which SFF units have taken part over the years, including Operation Blue Star in Golden Temple Amritsar, the Kargil conflict, and counter-insurgency operations. Another mission was launched in 1967 to place a similar device on the Nanda Kot. The Tibetans were given mortars and recoilless rifles and two Mil Mi-4 helicopters of the Indian Air Force, and captured several villages in the Chittagong Hill Tracts. This operation saw the first Dapon, the Tibetan equivalent of a Brigadier, in command of part of the SFF Task Force. Express Explained is now on Telegram. They were airdropped behind enemy lines to destroy lines of communication. The primary task of SFF is defence against the People's Libration Army (PLA) Ground Force as well as conducting clandestine intelligence gathering and commando operations along the Chinese border. Recruits are imparted special forces training by the Army. The urgency to gather information was never greater. Nurturing the desire of walking the route opened by Tenzing Norgay and Edmund Hillary 50 years ago, the 35-year-old Naik Subedar of the Special Frontier Force of the army realized his dream by scaling the peak from the southeast route on May 24, 2001. On the night of 14 November 1971 in the forests of Chittagong Hill Tracts, Brigadier Dhondup Gyatotsang was killed by the elite Special Service Group of the Pakistan Army. On the ground, it is headed by an Inspector General who is an Army officer of the rank of Major General. Likely ones are that the device rolled off the mountain and is now lodged at the bottom of the glacier. The Special Frontier Force (SFF) is an Indian special force created on 14 November 1962.It is formed with the Tibetan refugees lived in India. In October 1967 the Chinese began testing an ICBM capable of reaching targets 6000 miles away. In 1968 with the help of Aviation Research Centre (ARC), SFF were provided with airlift facilities and became fully airborne-qualified with a dedicated mountain and jungle warfare unit. Any Unit comprising SFF are called Vikas Batttalion. Explore the world from a unique perspective as you team up with other G-Force agents … In the 19th Century, there was a feud between Britain and Russia. Recounting the toughness of the Special Frontier Force commandos, Captain Manmohan Singh Kohli said, “The SFF men were real tough… Once, when we were building a helipad a large rock had to be removed. The incident took place between Black Top and Thakung Heights at Pangong Tso’s south bank where India thwarted China incursion. The training takes place under the auspices of the Research and Analysis Wing (R&AW). [28] During this activity, on 1 September 2020, company leader Nyima Tenzin of SFF died in a landmine blast when undertaking a reconnaissance mission along the line of actual control. ; In the first few decades after it was raised, the force was used to keep an eye on Chinese plans to deploy nuclear warheads. [8] During the Sino-Indian War and towards the end of 1962, after hectic lobbying by the IB Chief Bhola Nath Mullik and World War II veteran Biju Patnaik,[9] the Jawaharlal Nehru government finally ordered the raising of an elite commando unit and specialised mountain division.[6]. With the fall of Dhaka and Lieutenant General A.A.K. The initial strength was 5000 men, mostly Khampas who were recruited at its new Mountain Training Facility at Chakrata, 100 km from the city of Dehradun. On Monday, the funeral of Nyima Tenzin, a soldier of the Special Frontier Force (SFF), was held in Leh, with BJP leader Ram Madhav among those present. [25], During the 2020 China–India skirmishes, SFF were reported to have conducted operations in Ladakh, including the capture of heights near Pangong Tso. Independent formations of Tibetan (including Ladakhi, Bön, Sikkimese and now Gurkha) units were to patrol and police the lands they were native to. Their swift covert capabilities won the force the nickname 'Phantoms of Chittagong'. There was renewed urgency to find out more. All about Special Frontier Force, the secretive Indian unit in news after Ladakh clash SFF, primarily drawn from Tibetan refugees, was formed in the immediate aftermath of the 1962 war with China. Details of many operations, however, are classified. Getting it unstuck and out of India without being noticed by the Indian press, then even more subject to leftist influences and hence antagonistic to the USA, was another clandestine operation. Origin: The SFF was raised by the Intelligence Bureau in the immediate aftermath of the 1962 China-India war. [16] The Tibetan troopers are recruited from the dwindling population of Tibetans in India, which stood at 85,000 in 2018. Chushi Gangdruk leaders were contacted for recruitment of Khampas into this new unit. [9][11] Uban also went on to command a Long Range Desert Group Squadron (LRDS) in North Africa during the war. What Pakistan has done against 26/11 perpetrators: EU parliamentarians ask Imran Khan However, former CIA officer John Kennet Knaus, who worked extensively in Tibet, wrote in Orphans of the Cold War: America and the Tibetan Struggle for Survival that while the SFF had “Washington’s full endorsement”, it was B N Mullik, chief of India’s Intelligence Bureau, who created the SFF “on his own”. During the time of the Great Game, the British Indian Army began to employ Tibetans as spies, intelligence agents, and even covert militia in northern India and Tibet proper. SFF is directly reports to the PMO (Prime Minister office). He was accorded the Shaurya Chakra for gallantry by the President of India for this achievement. [15] The unit conducted limited cross-border reconnaissance missions as well as highly classified joint operations with the CIA in 1965 on Mount Nanda Devi in the Himalayas. The Special Frontier Force is a covert outfit that was raised by the Intelligence Bureau in the aftermath of the 1962 Sino-India war. The force recruits mostly from Tibetan refugees, hundreds of thousands of whom have made India their home since the Dalai Lama fled Tibet. [29], SFF was part of major combat operations during the Indo-Pakistani War of 1971. 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They also halted members of Pakistan's 97 Independent Brigade and 2 Commando Battalion at the Chittagong Hill Tracts. They played a vital role in preventing the escape of Pakistan Army personnel from Bangladesh into Burma. This confrontation was called the Great Game. Women soldiers too form part of SFF units, and are given the same training as men. [3] It has been part of border operations against China, including the 2020 China–India skirmishes. Strictly speaking, the SFF units are not part of the Army but function under its operational control. It was expected, but not enough details were known. More advanced training takes place at Stakna in Ladakh to simulate high-altitude paradrops. Another SFF soldier was injured. There have been reports that a Special Frontier Force (SFF) unit, referred to as Vikas Battalion, has been instrumental in occupying some key heights on the Line of Actual Control (LAC) with China in Ladakh to thwart any occupation by the Chinese troops.. What is the Special Frontier Force (SFF)? [1] At the helm of SFF is the Inspector General (SFF), an officer of Major General rank. While there have been reports about SFF being involved in the August 29-31 operation to occupy previously unoccupied heights in Chushul sector in eastern Ladakh, the Army has so far maintained an official silence, and sources have said Tenzin was on a patrol when he stepped on a landmine dating back to the 1962 war, and was killed. (Bootcamp and Military Fitness Institute) “Both the Indian and Pakistani Special Forces were established with the active involvement of the CIA in the mid-1950s. So Kohli and a SFF team were sent once again to bring it down; this time they retrieved it successfully. Many of us don’t know about this Secret Elite Unit called the Special Frontier Force. This is why the spotlight on the SFF in the recent Ladakh operation is unprecedented. With war imminent, SFF successfully executed several mission plans that included the destruction of the Kaptai Dam and other bridges of strategic value. The SFF's weapons were all provided by the USA and consisted mainly of M-1, M-2 and M-3 sub-machine guns. The SFF was raised by the Intelligence Bureau in the immediate aftermath of the 1962 China-India war. But The Global Times, a reflection of China's positions on important issues, has lashed out at India for “playing with fire on the Tibet question”. At the time of Indian independence, the Northern Hills of India remained the most isolated and strategic… How to recognize the warning signs, New Year 2021 Celebrations: What are your plans? Click here to join our channel (@ieexplained) and stay updated with the latest. The Mustang rebels brought the 14th Dalai Lama to India during the 1959 Tibetan Rebellion. SFF is a special force of India created on 14 November 1962. More imaginative theories speculate that the supposedly indestructible nuclear power pack with a highly toxic, "Ladakh intrusions: Special Frontier Force takes first casualties", "Special Frontier Force: More of a white elephant than an effective intelligence outfit? At the time of Indian independence, the northern mountain-covered region of India remained the most isolated and strategically overlooked territory of the subcontinent. The actual efforts called for the placement of a permanent ELINT device powered by a nuclear SNAP 19C power pack fuel cell. The air-operations were handled by ARC at Balasore. As the force was envisaged as one that would work behind enemy lines, all SFF soldiers are trained parachutists. It has been a part of many important ops, from 1971 war to Kargil. At the funeral of Nyima Tenzin in Leh. Special Frontier Force, what is Special Frontier Force, Vikas Battalion, India China border news, India China border row, Indian Express The gameplay and graphics of Special Force that fans loved for years is back to invade screens of internet cafes and in homes across the region. This force is also called as Vikas Battalion. © Provided by The Indian Express Ethnic Tibetans have been a part and parcel of the modern Indian Army for as long as it has existed. A large number of them received bravery awards. Special Frontier force work and duties: This force was formed to take control and manage the strategic height in the eastern Ladakh. Special Forces: FPS Assault is best fps shooting game. (Chowdhury, 2015). You can ruthlessly attack your enemies or defend your turf from them in this first-person shooter game. (Wikimedia Commons) Chakrata, Uttarakhand, where SFF personnel are trained in stealth combat and scouting techniques. We know about India’s Raw, America’s CIA. 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